Nucleic Acids

RNA Processing and Protein Synthesis

RNA splicing is a process in which introns are removed and exons are joined prior to translation. In other words, RNA splicing is modification of the nascent pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript. To address the questions and other aspects of mRNA synthesis and processing, many researchers turned to the study of DNA viruses that infect animal cells in culture. RNA processing refers to any alteration made to RNA between its transcription & its concluding function in the cell. These processing steps include the removal of extra sections of RNA, specific modifications of RNA bases, and modifications of the ends of the RNA. Being Specific, The University of Manchester, Yale Center for RNA science and Medicine, Rutgers University are working on this field for bringing out many challenging results.

Protein synthesis is one of the most fundamental biological processes by which individual cells build their specific proteins. Within the process are involved both DNA & different in their function ribonucleic acids (RNA). The process is initiated in the cell’s nucleus, where specific enzymes unwind the needed section of DNA, which makes the DNA in this region accessible and a RNA copy can be made. This RNA molecule then changes from the nucleus to the cell cytoplasm, where the definite process of protein synthesis occurs.